Hwarang Winter 1973, MMCA Digital Library Collection
Hwarang
* Source: Multilingual Glossary of Korean Art. Korea Arts Management Service
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Chun Kyungja
Chun Kyungja (1924-2015), (born Chun Okja), was the daughter of Chun Sungwook, a gunseogi (clerk) of Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, and Park Un-a. She graduated the Gwangju Public Girl's high School and completed the Japanese art program at the Joshibi University of Art and Design. After independence, she was hired as a teacher of art at the Jeonnam Girls High School, her alma mater. Her private exhibition received positive reviews, and she was hired as an instructor of art at the Chosun University. Afterwards, she worked as a professor of the College of Fine arts at the Hongik University from 1954 to 1973, and she achieved renown as one of the foremost women artists in Korea, winning the Great Korean Art Association Exhibition President's Award in 1955, the National Academy of Arts, Republic of Korea Award in 1979, and the Eungwan Order of Cultural Merit in 1983. Her primary subject matter consisted of feminine subjects, to the extent that she was described as the artist of "flowers and women." Her work is celebrated as being entirely distinct from the contemporary Korean art styles of the period, and defined by its autobiographical themes and fantastical colorwork.
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Gallery Hyundai
A gallery located at Samseong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul. The gallery opened in April 1970 in Gwanhun-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, under the joint management of Han Yong-gu and Park Myung-ja. Started as Hyundai Hwarang (Hyundai Gallery), it was renamed as Gallery Hyundai in 1987. When it first opened, the gallery contributed to the development of contemporary Korean art, featuring the work of contemporary artists instead of antique calligraphy and paintings, which were actively exhibited and traded in Insa-dong. In September 1973, the gallery published an art magazine titled Hwarang, with an editing staff consisting of Lee Heung-u, Lee Gu-yeol, Park Rhaikyoung, Heo Yeonghwan, and Oh Kwang-su. After 1988, the magazine was renamed Hyundai Misul and it continued to be published until 1992. The gallery regularly held exhibitions of major figures in Korean contemporary art, such as Park Sookeun, Lee Jungseop, To Sangbong, Nam Kwan, Yoon Jungsik, and Chun Kyungja. After it moved to a new building in Sagan-dong in 1975, the gallery expanded the base for Abstract art through exhibitions featuring Yun Hyongkeun, Kim Tschang-Yeul, Park Seobo, Chung Sanghwa, and Lee Ufan.
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Sun Misul
Sun Misul was founded in 1979 by Sun Gallery. It was published with the aim of spreading and expanding art culture in South Korea for 13 years until it closed in 1992. Major editorial members have included Yoo Hongjune, former head of the Cultural Heritage Administration, while Kim Chang-sil, president of Sun Gallery, participated as a cultural columnist. It focused on important issues in the art world by presenting major artists as cover figures and dealing with their works in detail. In its first year, Sun Misul introduced the Egyptian Civilization Exhibition held in the United States and introduced ancient Egyptian civilization to the readers, which was not well known in South Korea at that time. In May 1980, an exhibition was held at Sun Gallery to commemorate the 1st anniversary of its foundation.
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Lee Gu-yeol
Lee Gu-yeol(1932-2020) was the first art journalist, an art critic, and a researcher of modern art in Korea. Born in Yeonbaek, Hwanghae-do Province, Lee went to South Korea during the Korean War. He enlisted in the army as a cadet, completed infantry and artillery schools, and served as an officer during the war. After being discharged as a captain in 1958, he joined World Telecommunications and worked in the publications department. In 1959, he enrolled as a junior in the College of Fine Arts at Hongik University, but he could not finish his studies. He worked as an art reporter in the culture desk of Segye Ilbo newspaper (renamed the Minguk Ilbo in 1960) and then as a reporter and deputy head of the culture desk of Kyunghyang Shinmun newspaper in and after 1962. In 1970, he transferred to Seoul Sinmun newspaper and served as the head of its culture desk. He became the head of the culture desk of Daehan Ilbo newspaper in 1972 but ended his journalistic career when the company ceased to publish in 1975. In 1964, Lee was in charge of editing the quarterly magazine Misul (Art) (published by Munhwa Gyoyuk Chulpansa). He also organized the publication of fifteen volumes of the Complete Collection of Korean Art (sponsored by Donghwa Chulpan Gongsa) and worked as chief editor from 1973 through 1975. He served as president of the Korean Art Critics Association (1984–1985), a member of the Cultural Heritage Committee of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (1992–1999), and as director of exhibition projects at the Seoul Arts Center (1993–1996). He also opened the Korean Modern Art Research Institute and published its irregular periodical Modern Art of Korea from the first to fifth issues (1975–1977). His books include The Realm of Painting: The Life and Art of Idang (1968), A Study on Modern Korean Art (1972), The Development of Modern Korean Art (1982), Research on Modern Korean Art History (1992), History of Modern Korean Painting (1993), 50 Years of North Korean Art (2001), The Story behind Modern Korean Art (2005), Rha Hyeseok: The Woman Who Drew Her Fiery Life (2011), Korean Cultural Heritage: A History of Suffering (2013), and My Days as an Art Reporter (2014). In 2018, he published two volumes of his self-edited literary collection Miscellany by Cheongyeo to celebrate his turning eighty-eight. Lee Gyu-yeol played a crucial role in the establishment of the Archives of Korean Art Journal, the first art archives in Korea, in December 1998 by donating his materials related to modern and contemporary art to the Samsung Museum of Art. In 2015, he donated more than 4,000 items to Gacheon Museum of the Gil Cultural Foundation. He passed away in 2020 at the age of eighty-nine.
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